•  
  •  
 

Corresponding Author

殷亚军，男，博士，副教授.E-mail：[email protected]

Abstract

Renowned for its high strength, durability, and excellent flowability, ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC ) is widely applied to lightweight thin-walled structures. However, its complex flow characteristics during pouring can easily cause pouring defects. To this end, a CFD numerical simulation framework was constructed based on the Herschel-Bulkley (H-B) rheological model to analyze the flow behavior of UHPC in thin-walled shells with complex cavities. Firstly, model parameters were calibrated by L-box tests to verify the simulation accuracy. The results show that simulation errors for the flow time and flow profile are within 1.0%‒7.2%, demonstrating that the H-B model can effectively capture UHPC ’s non-Newtonian characteristics. Subsequently, for a large bridge cap beam shell, point-pouring schemes (2,4, and 8 points ) and face-pouring schemes (2,4, and 8 faces ) were simulated, and a VOF multiphase flow model was employed to track the flow front, pressure distribution, and filling rate. Simulation results indicate a two-stage filling process:a rapid growth stage (a filling rate below 90%) and a slow growth stage. Increasing the number of pouring points/faces enhances spreading capacity and reduces stagnation zones. Face-pouring schemes outperform point-pouring schemes, and the 8-face configuration achieves a filling rate above 99%, markedly improving pouring efficiency and reducing air evacuation resistance. The research results provide a reference for optimizing UHPC pouring processes in thin-walled structures.

Publication Date

10-29-2026

DOI

10.14048/j.issn.1671-2579.2026.05.012

First Page

114

Last Page

123

Submission Date

October 2026

Reference

[1]Graybeal B,Brühwiler E,Kim B S,et al.International perspective on UHPC in bridge engineering [J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2020,25(11):04020094.

[2]邵旭东,曹君辉.面向未来的高性能桥梁结构研发与应用[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2017,34(5):41-58.Shao Xudong,Cao Junhui.Research and application of high performance bridge structures toward future [J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2017,34(5):41-58.

[3]张云升,张文华,陈振宇.综论超高性能混凝土:设计制备·微观结构·力学与耐久性·工程应用 [J].材料导报,2017,31(23):1-16.Zhang Yunsheng,Zhang Wenhua,Chen Zhenyu.A complete review of ultra-high performance concrete:Design and preparation,microstructure,mechanics and durability,engineering applications [J].Materials Reports,2017,31(23):1-16.

[4]万志勇,陈健平,贺绍华,等.UHPC-NC 界面抗剪性能试验研究 [J].中外公路,2024,44(4):138-147.Wan Zhiyong,Chen Jianping,He Shaohua,et al.Experimental study on shear performance of UHPC-NC interface [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2024,44(4):138-147.

[5]Schachinger I,Schubert J,Mazanec O.Effect of mixing and placement methods on fresh and hardened ultra high performance concrete (UHPC ) [C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Ultra High Performance Concrete.Kassel:Kassel University Press,2004.

[6]Wang D H,Shi C J,Wu Z M,et al.A review on ultra high performance concrete:Part Ⅱ.Hydration,microstructure and properties [J].Construction and Building Materials,2015,96:368-377.

[7]Mechtcherine V,Gram A,Krenzer K,et al.Simulation of fresh concrete flow using discrete element method (DEM )[M]//Roussel N,Gram A.Simulation of Fresh Concrete Flow:State-of-the Art Report of the RILEM Technical Committee 222-SCF.Dordrecht:Springer Netherlands,2014.

[8]Abo Dhaheer M S,Kulasegaram S,Karihaloo B L.Simulation of self-compacting concrete flow in the J-ring test using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH ) [J].Cement and Concrete Research,2016,89:27-34.

[9]Vasilic K,Gram A,Wallevik J E.Numerical simulation of fresh concrete flow:Insight and challenges [J].RILEM Technical Letters,2019,4:57-66.

[10]魏子易,安晓鹏,史才军,等.基于 CFD模拟的新拌混凝土泵送压力损失预测 [J].材料导报,2019,33(22):3738 -3743.Wei Ziyi,An Xiaopeng,Shi Caijun,et al.Pressure loss prediction of fresh concrete pumping based on CFD simulation [J].Materials Reports,2019,33(22):3738 -3743.

[11]Cai Y X,Liu Q F,Chen M Z,et al.A CFD-based numerical model for predicting the slump and slump flow of fresh concrete from a rheological perspective [J].Construction and Building Materials,2025,458:138501.

[12]Narasimha M,Brennan M,Holtham P N.A review of CFD modelling for performance predictions of hydrocyclone [J].Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics,2007,1(2):109-125.

[13]Tavangar T,Hosseinpoor M,Yahia A,et al.Computational investigation of concrete pipe flow:Critical review [J].ACI Materials Journal,118(6):203-215.

[14]刘豫,史才军,焦登武,等.新拌水泥基材料的流变特性、模 型 和 测 试 研 究 进 展 [J].硅 酸 盐 学 报,2017,45(5):708-716.Liu Yu,Shi Caijun,Jiao Dengwu,et al.Rheological properties,models and measurements for fresh cementitious materials-a short review [J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2017,45(5):708-716.

[15]陈振侃,李军生,时权,等.NRC-UHPC 界面抗剪性能试验研究 [J].中外公路,2024,44(6):176-184.Chen Zhenkan,Li Junsheng,Shi Quan,et al.Experimental study on shear behavior between NRC-UHPC interface [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2024,44(6):176-184.

[16]袁明,韩怀志,颜东煌,等.纤维长度对 UHPC轴拉性能的影响试验研究 [J].中外公路,2023,43(6):94-100.Yuan Ming,Han Huaizhi,Yan Donghuang,et al.Experimental study on effect of fiber length on axial tensile properties of UHPC [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2023,43(6):94-100.

[17]Zhang J Y,Gao X J,Su Y.Influence of poker vibration on aggregate settlement in fresh concrete with variable rheological properties [J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2019,31(7):04019128.

[18]Li K K,Leng Y,Xu L L,et al.Rheological characteristics of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC ) incorporating bentonite [J].Construction and Building Materials,2022,349:128793.

[19]Cui J Y,He Z,Zhang G Z,et al.Rheology,mechanical properties and pore structure of sprayed ultra-high performance concrete (SUHPC ) with viscosity-enhancing agent [J].Construction and Building Materials,2022,350:128840.

[20]黄斌,龚明子,潘阿馨,等.减水剂与钢纤维对超高性能混凝土流变及力学性能的影响 [J].硅酸盐通报,2024,43(9):3214 -3223.Huang Bin,Gong Mingzi,Pan Axin,et al.Influences of water reducing agent and steel fiber on rheological and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2024,43(9):3214 -3223.

[21]李珂珂,李龙,何友林,等.超高性能混凝土流变特性及其调控研究 [J].硅酸盐通报,2022,41(5):1570 -1577.Li Keke,Li Long,He Youlin,et al.Rheological characteristics of ultra-high performance concrete and its regulation [J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2022,41(5):1570 -1577.

[22]司雯,曹明莉,冯嘉琪.纤维增强水泥基复合材料的流动性 与 流 变 性 研 究 进 展 [J].材 料 导 报,2019,33(5):819-825.Si Wen,Cao Mingli,Feng Jiaqi.Advances in research on flowability and rheological properties of fiber reinforced cementitious composites [J].Materials Reports,2019,33(5):819-825.

[23]Wang R,Gao X J,Huang H H,et al.Influence of rheological properties of cement mortar on steel fiber distribution in UHPC [J].Construction and Building Materials,2017,144:65-73.

[24]黄静,季文玉,阎培渝.UHPC浆体的工作性和流变性与颗粒膜层厚度的关系 [J].硅酸盐通报,2022,41(3):766.Huang Jing,Ji Wenyu,Yan Peiyu.Relationship of workability and rheological properties of UHPC slurry and film thickness of particles [J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2022,41(3):766.

[25]赵碧华,刘永胜,何松华,等.玄武岩纤维参数对水泥砂浆流动性的影响 [J].武汉理工大学学报,2009,31(7):5-8.Zhao Bihua,Liu Yongsheng,He Songhua,et al.The effects of basalt fiber parameter on the fluidity of the cement mortar [J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2009,31(7):5-8.

[26]曹明莉,许玲,李志文.聚乙烯醇纤维及钢纤维增强水泥砂浆流变性和流动性能 [J].建筑材料学报,2017,20(1):112-117.Cao Mingli,Xu Ling,Li Zhiwen.Rheology and flowability of polyvinyl alcohol fiber and steel fiber reinforced cement mortar [J].Journal of Building Materials,2017,20(1):112-117.

[27]曹忠露,刘瑞建,钟鹏,等.材料组成对 UHPC中钢纤维取向和分散的影响 [J].中国港湾建设,2025,45(3):1-9.Cao Zhonglu,Liu Ruijian,Zhong Peng,et al.Influence of material compositions on orientation and dispersion coefficient of steel fibers in UHPC [J].China Harbour Engineering,2025,45(3):1-9.

[28]张倩倩,刘建忠,周华新,等.超高性能混凝土流变特性及其对纤维分散性的影响 [J].材料导报,2017,31(23):73-77.Zhang Qianqian,Liu Jianzhong,Zhou Huaxin,et al.Rheological properties of ultra-high performance concrete and its effect on the fiber dispersion within the material [J].Materials Reports,2017,31(23):73-77.

[29]Yu R,Spiesz P,Brouwers H J H.Mix design and properties assessment of ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC ) [J].Cement and Concrete Research,2014,56:29-39.

[30]Martinie L,Rossi P,Roussel N.Rheology of fiber reinforced cementitious materials:Classification and prediction [J].Cement and Concrete Research,2010,40(2):226-234.

[31]Yu R,Spiesz P,Brouwers H J H.Static properties and impact resistance of a green ultra-high performance hybrid fibre reinforced concrete (UHPHFRC ):Experiments and modeling [J].Construction and Building Materials,2014,68:158-171.

[32]周志威,王杰,余中华,等.不同长度钢纤维混掺对UHPC性能影响试验研究 [J].粉煤灰综合利用,2024,38(3):30-34.Zhou Zhiwei,Wang Jie,Yu Zhonghua,et al.Experimental study on the effect of mixing steel fibers of different lengths on the performance of UHPC [J].Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization,2024,38(3):30-34.

[33]Yu R,Zhou F J,Yin T Y,et al.Uncovering the approach to develop ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC ) with dense meso-structure based on rheological point of view:Experiments and modeling [J].Construction and Building Materials,2021,271:121500.

[34]郑晓博,韩方玉,刘建忠,等.粗骨料超高性能混凝土流变与稳定性 [J].硅酸盐学报,2022,50(11):2844 -2854.Zheng Xiaobo,Han Fangyu,Liu Jianzhong,et al.Rheological properties and stability of ultra-high performance concrete containing coarse aggregate [J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2022,50(11):2844 -2854.

[35]白静静,王敏,史才军,等.降粘性聚羧酸减水剂的设计合成及在低水胶比水泥 ‒硅灰体系中的作用 [J].材料导报,2020,34(6):6172 -6179.Bai Jingjing,Wang Min,Shi Caijun.Design,synthesis of viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its influence on cement-silica fume paste with low water-binder ratio [J].Materials Reports,2020,34(6):6172 -6179.

[36]Yalçinkaya Ç,Felekoğlu B,Yazici H.Influence of aggregate volume on the shrinkage,rheological and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete [J].Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University,2020,35(4):1701 -1718.

[37]Zhu J,Liu J P,Khayat K H,et al.Mechanisms affecting viscosity of cement paste made with microfines of manufactured sand [J].Cement and Concrete Research,2022,156:106757.

[38]Xiong X,Wu M M,Shen W G,et al.Performance and microstructure of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC ) with silica fume replaced by inert mineral powders [J].Construction and Building Materials,2022,327:126996.

[39]Lin Y Z,Yan J C,Wang Z F,et al.Effect of silica fumes on fluidity of UHPC:Experiments,influence mechanism and evaluation methods [J].Construction and Building Materials,2019,210:451-460.

[40]Dils J,Boel V,De Schutter G.Influence of cement type and mixing pressure on air content,rheology and mechanical properties of UHPC [J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,41:455-463.

[41]Baumert C,Garrecht H.Minimization of the influence of shear-induced particle migration in determining the rheological characteristics of self-compacting mortars and concretes [J].Materials,2020,13(7):1542.

[42]Wu Z M,Khayat K H,Shi C J.Changes in rheology and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete with silica fume content [J].Cement and Concrete Research,2019,123:105786.

[43]Sun H,Que Z C,Wei H N,et al.Tuning matrix rheology and mechanical performance of ultra-high performance concrete using cellulose nanofibers [J].Nanotechnology Reviews,2022,11(1):1570 -1582.

[44]Abdelrazik A T,Khayat K H.Effect of fiber characteristics on fresh properties of fiber-reinforced concrete with adapted rheology [J].Construction and Building Materials,2020,230:116852.

[45]Meng W N,Khayat K H.Effect of graphite nanoplatelets and carbon nanofibers on rheology,hydration,shrinkage,mechanical properties,and microstructure of UHPC [J].Cement and Concrete Research,2018,105:64-71.

[46]Liu J H,Khayat K H,Shi C J.Effect of superabsorbent polymer characteristics on rheology of ultra-high performance concrete [J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2020,112:103636.

[47]Ragalwar K,Heard W F,Williams B A,et al.Significance of the particle size distribution modulus for strain-hardening-ultra-high performance concrete (SH-UHPC ) matrix design [J].Construction and Building Materials,2020,234:117423.

[48]Teng L,Meng W N,Khayat K H.Rheology control of ultra-high-performance concrete made with different fiber contents [J].Cement and Concrete Research,2020,138:106222.

[49]李靖祺,徐伟.基于 Herschel-Bulkley 流变模型的自密实混凝土流动的 CFD模拟 [J].工程力学,2013,30(1):373-377.Li Jingqi,Xu Wei.A CFD simulation of self-compacting concrete based on Herschel-Bulkley rheological model [J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(1):373-377.

[50]廖万成,赵华,安家禾.预制拼装钢 -UHPC组合桥面板湿 接 缝 抗 弯 性 能 研 究 [J].中 外 公 路,2024,44(1):102-110.Liao Wancheng,Zhao Hua,An Jiahe.Study on flexural behavior of wet joints of prefabricated steel-UHPC composite bridge deck [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2024,44(1):102-110.

[51]徐舟,周旺,刘扬,等.基于压电陶瓷波动法的预制拼装结 构 界 面 损 伤 识 别 研 究 [J].中 外 公 路,2022,42(1):101-107.Xu Zhou,Zhou Wang,Liu Yang,et al.Study on interface damage identification of prefabricated structures based on piezoelectric ceramic wave method [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2022,42(1):101-107.

Download

Share

COinS