Design method and application of a new integrated anti-cracking and anti-seepage composite lining for mountain tunnels

Authors

• Wang Hailin, Hunan Provincial Communications Planning , Survey & Design Institute Co ., Ltd., Changsha , Hunan 410200 , ChinaFollow
• Liu Hanhong, Hunan Provincial Communications Planning , Survey & Design Institute Co ., Ltd., Changsha , Hunan 410200 , China
• Yang Fei, Hunan Hengyong Expressway Construction and Development Co ., Ltd., Hengyang , Hunan 410018 , China
• Liu Yangbo, School of Civil Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410075 , ChinaFollow
• Kang Lei, School of Civil Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410075 , China
• Gong Chenjie, School of Civil Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410075 , China

Corresponding Author

刘洋博，男，硕士研究生.E-mail：[email protected]

Abstract

Water leakage has long been a common quality issue plaguing mountain tunnel engineering. How to prevent long-term leakage water infiltration and ensure comprehensive waterproofing of tunnels is a technical challenge that urgently needs to be overcome in tunnel construction. To meet the anti-cracking and anti-seepage requirements of tunnel lining, this paper proposed an integrated anti-cracking and anti-seepage design method:a high-performance fiber-reinforced anti-cracking composite material was used to form the concrete lining layer, combined with a novel composite waterproof geomembrane as an auxiliary flexible waterproof layer. The two acted together as an integrated system on the tunnel lining. Through theoretical analysis and experimental investigation, the mechanical properties and durability of high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete were verified, the fiber ’s water-blocking and anti-cracking mechanisms were revealed, and the performance advantages and construction process of the novel composite geomembrane were elucidated. The results show that the integrated design can effectively improve the anti-cracking and anti-seepage performance of concrete, simplify the tunnel waterproofing construction process, and reduce engineering costs, demonstrating good application results in engineering practice. The research findings further confirm that the design method proposed in this paper is feasible and worthy of promotion in mountain tunnel engineering.

Publication Date

10-29-2026

DOI

10.14048/j.issn.1671-2579.2026.05.023

First Page

222

Last Page

229

Submission Date

October 2026

Recommended Citation

Hailin, Wang; Hanhong, Liu; Fei, Yang; Yangbo, Liu; Lei, Kang; and Chenjie, Gong (2026) "Design method and application of a new integrated anti-cracking and anti-seepage composite lining for mountain tunnels," Journal of China & Foreign Highway: Vol. 46: Iss. 5, Article 23.
DOI: 10.14048/j.issn.1671-2579.2026.05.023
Available at: https://zwgl1980.csust.edu.cn/journal/vol46/iss5/23

Reference

[1]de Larrard F.Concrete mixture proportioning [M].London and New York:E & FN Spon,1999.

[2]Zeyad A M,Khan A H,Tayeh B A.Durability and strength characteristics of high-strength concrete incorporated with volcanic pumice powder and polypropylene fibers [J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2020,9(1):806-818.

[3]Gong C J,Kang L,Liu L H,et al.A novel prediction model of packing density for single and hybrid steel fiber-aggregate mixtures [J].Powder Technology,2023,418:118295.

[4]袁楠,王亚珍,段景宽,等.高性能纤维增强混凝土复合材料综述 [J].合成纤维,2020,49(11):52-56.Yuan Nan,Wang Yazhen,Duan Jingkuan,et al.Review of high performance fiber reinforced concrete composites [J].Synthetic Fiber in China,2020,49(11):52-56.

[5]卢鹏,卢斌,张家虎,等.PVA纤维增韧水泥土的受压及抗弯性能试验研究 [J/OL ].中外公路,2025 -07-26.https://link.cnki.net/urlid/ 43.1363.U.20250725.1739.002.Lu Peng,Lu Bin,Zhang Jiahu,et al.Experimental study on compressive and flexural properties of PVA fiber toughened cement soil [J/OL ].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2025 -07-26.https://link.cnki.net/urlid/ 43.1363.U.20250725.1739.002.

[6]周进毅,龙志林,郭瑞奇,等.PVA纤维增强珊瑚混凝土静动态力学性能试验研究 [J].中外公路,2024,44(2):138-147.Zhou Jinyi,Long Zhilin,Guo Ruiqi,et al.Experimental study on static and dynamic mechanical properties of PVA fiber-reinforced coral concrete [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2024,44(2):138-147.

[7]张恒.多尺度纤维混杂对水泥混凝土性能的影响 [J].中外公路,2016,36(6):284-287.Zhang Heng.Influence of multi-scale fiber mixing on properties of cement concrete [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2016,36(6):284-287.

[8]陶桦铭.多壁碳纳米管 /聚丙烯腈复合纤维混凝土抗裂性能研究 [J].中外公路,2013,33(4):304-306.Tao Huaming.Study on crack resistance of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber concrete [J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2013,33(4):304-306.

[9]崔光耀,孙凌云,左奎现,等.纤维混凝土隧道衬砌力学性能研究综述 [J].现代隧道技术,2019,56(3):1-7.Cui Guangyao,Sun Lingyun,Zuo Kuixian,et al.Review of researches on mechanical behaviors of tunnel fiber reinforced concrete lining [J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2019,56(3):1-7.

[10]刁展辉,张温庭.基于钢箱梁栓钉区的聚甲醛纤维混凝土性能研究 [J].公路交通技术,2024,40(5):111-117.Diao Zhanhui,Zhang Wenting.Study on the properties of polyformaldehyde fiber concrete based on steel box girder bolting zone [J].Technology of Highway and Transport,2024,40(5):111-117.

[11]高原,陈卫霞,谢恩慧,等.水泥基材料抗裂性能对比分析[J].公路,2022,67(4):311-316.Gao Yuan,Chen Weixia,Xie Enhui,et al.Comparative analysis on crack resistance of cement-based materials [J].Highway,2022,67(4):311-316.

[12]陈猛,梁中龙,于航,等.高性能混凝土加固隧道衬砌力学性能综述 [J].现代隧道技术,2024,61(3):61-71.Chen Meng,Liang Zhonglong,Yu Hang,et al.Overview on mechanical properties of a tunnel lining reinforced by high-performance concrete [J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2024,61(3):61-71.

[13]吴伟军.云蒙山特大桥聚丙烯纤维混凝土力学性能指标及其相关性研究 [J].施工技术 (中英文 ),2024,53(6):161-165.Wu Weijun.Mechanical properties and correlation of PPF concrete of Yunmengshan bridge [J].Construction Technology,2024,53(6):161-165.

[14]Cui D S,Wang L M,Zhang C W,et al.Dynamic splitting performance and energy dissipation of fiber-reinforced concrete under impact loading [J].Materials,2024,17(2):421.

[15]顾淦臣.土工薄膜在坝工建设中的应用 [J].水力发电,1985,11(10):43-50.Gu Ganchen.Application of geomembrane in dam construction [J].Water Power,1985,11(10):43-50.

[16]顾淦臣.复合土工膜或土工膜堤坝实例述评 [J].水利水电技术,2002,33(12):26-32.Gu Ganchen.Review of dams and dikes with composite geomembrane impervious structure [J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2002,33(12):26-32.

[17]束一鸣.防渗土工膜工程特性的探讨 [J].河海大学学报（自然科学版 ）,1993,21(4):1-6.Shu Yiming.Engineering characters of geomembrane [J].Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences ),1993,21(4):1-6.

[18]Peng K,Liu Y L,Ma L L,et al.Application of geomembrane on the dam of concrete face in a certain hydropower station project [J].E3S Web of Conferences,2020,198:01054.

[19]王宵,张鹏程.土工膜防渗层偶极子法渗漏检测电势分布 特 征 及 应 用 [J].施 工 技 术 (中 英 文 ),2023,52(21):125-129.Wang Xiao,Zhang Pengcheng.Characteristics and application of potential distribution in leakage detection of geomembrane anti-seepage layer by dipole method [J].Construction Technology,2023,52(21):125-129.

[20]Zhang X L,Ma Z Y,Wu Y Y,et al.Response of mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride geomembrane to ambient temperature in axial tension [J].Applied Sciences,2021,11(22):10864.

[21]Girard H,Fischer S,Alonso E.Problems of friction posed by the use of geomembranes on dam slopes:Examples and measurements [J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,1990,9(2):129-143.

[22]Messerklinger S.Failure of a geomembrane lined embankment dam-case study [J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2014,42(3):256-266.